Trezor Bridge — Secure Connection for Your Trezor
Presentation-style technical & user guide — light color theme

Welcome — Trezor Bridge: Secure Connection for Your Trezor

A full presentation-style guide describing what Trezor Bridge is, how it works, how to install and troubleshoot it, and how to integrate it into wallets and web apps.
Connect • Verify • Transact
Official-style resource — use as a template for onboarding pages

This guide centers on the Trezor Bridge component — the secure connectivity layer that enables communication between your Trezor hardware wallet and desktop wallets or web interfaces. The document is written as a presentation so it can be used as a landing page, onboarding module, or developer reference. It uses light colors, accessible typography, and clear sections to improve comprehension and retention. Throughout the content we repeat the phrase Trezor Bridge to improve discoverability and emphasise the focus of this guide.

Executive summary

Quick overview of Trezor Bridge for users and implementers.

Trezor Bridge is a lightweight background application that creates a secure, authenticated communication channel between your web browser (or desktop wallet) and your Trezor device. It ensures that only trusted code can query the device, mediates USB permissions, and provides a native-like API surface for wallet applications. Users commonly install Trezor Bridge to enable interactions on platforms where direct USB access from the browser is restricted, and developers rely on its standard interfaces to integrate device operations into wallet flows.

  • Purpose: Allow secure, cross-platform access to Trezor devices from web and desktop applications.
  • How it works: Runs locally as a small service and exposes a secure API over localhost to trusted origins.
  • Why it matters: Provides a consistent, vetted channel for device communication and firmware updates while improving user security and developer ergonomics.

What is Trezor Bridge?

Deep dive into the component and its core responsibilities.

At its core, Trezor Bridge is a local helper application — sometimes called a daemon or background process — that bridges the gap between the browser's security model and the low-level USB protocols used by Trezor devices. Modern browsers impose strict restrictions on direct USB access to prevent untrusted sites from talking to hardware. Bridge is the sanctioned path: it listens on a secure localhost port, authenticates requests (origin-based), and forwards them to the hardware after performing permission checks. The service is intentionally minimal, focused on privacy, stability, and end-user consent.

Key responsibilities

  1. USB device discovery and secure handshake.
  2. Forwarding protocol messages between wallet applications and the device firmware.
  3. Handling firmware update transfers in a secure and verified manner.
  4. Providing user prompts and permission flows when necessary.
  5. Logging and telemetry only when explicitly enabled and with user consent.

The design philosophy prioritizes minimal attack surface: the Bridge runs locally, accepts connections only from localhost, and only processes requests originating from whitelisted, user-approved browser origins. This approach keeps cryptographic keys inside the hardware wallet and prevents remote or third-party code from gaining unauthorized access.

How Trezor Bridge works — Architecture

High-level architecture and security boundaries.

Components

The Bridge architecture is deliberately simple. It consists of three main layers: the user-facing wallet or web app (UI), the Bridge service (local), and the Trezor device (hardware). Communication flows are encrypted and authenticated at each boundary. The Bridge exposes a well-documented HTTP/JSON or WebSocket API on localhost. When the user interacts with their wallet UI, the wallet sends requests to Bridge. Bridge validates the request origin, optionally prompts the user, and forwards the request to the device's firmware using the device's native protocol.

Security boundaries

  • Browser sandbox: Wallet UIs run in the browser and must request access to the Bridge API from localhost; Bridge enforces origin checks.
  • Local hostbound service: Bridge listens only on loopback interfaces to avoid remote access.
  • Hardware wallet: All key material and sensitive signing operations happen on the device; Bridge only forwards requests and does not access private keys.

Installation & setup

Step-by-step instructions for installing Trezor Bridge on major platforms.

Installing Trezor Bridge is a straightforward process. The Bridge installer is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. Download the official package from the Trezor website, run the installer, and follow on-screen prompts. Once installed, Bridge runs as a background service and will automatically detect connected Trezor devices. If a web wallet needs it, the wallet UI will present an in-app prompt directing the user to install Bridge.

Windows

  1. Download the Bridge .exe from the official site.
  2. Run the installer and accept prompts; administrative privileges may be required.
  3. After installation, Bridge will start and register the localhost endpoint.
  4. Open your wallet and allow the connection when prompted.

macOS

  1. Download the Bridge .dmg and open it.
  2. Drag the Bridge application to your Applications folder and run it.
  3. macOS may ask permission for the app to access USB devices — allow it.

Linux

Bridge packages are available for major distributions and as a generic binary. Install the package with your package manager or run the binary, and ensure the executable has appropriate permissions. You may need to add udev rules for the device on some distributions; official instructions provide the exact rules.

After installation, visit your chosen web wallet and perform a test connection. The wallet will usually show a modal indicating it is connecting via Trezor Bridge. If the device is connected and unlocked, you should see the device's fingerprint and model on the screen and the device will show a confirmation prompt when any sensitive operation is requested.

User flow — From browser to device

Illustrative steps to show the user's journey when interacting through Bridge.
  1. User navigates to a wallet web app that supports Trezor hardware.
  2. Wallet detects no direct USB access and looks for Bridge on localhost.
  3. If Bridge is not found, the wallet displays a clear install prompt with a link to download Bridge.
  4. After installation, wallet requests access; Bridge evaluates the requesting origin and, if allowed, establishes a session.
  5. User interacts with the wallet: view addresses, create transactions, and sign them. Each sensitive action requires user confirmation on the Trezor device display.
  6. Bridge forwards payloads to the device, and signed responses are sent back to the wallet via the secure localhost channel.

The flow ensures two independent confirmation points: the wallet UI and the Trezor device. This twin-control model mitigates the risk of malicious UI components initiating transactions without the user's knowledge because the device requires explicit confirmation for each signed action.

Security model — why Bridge is safe

Explanation of security assumptions and protections.

The security of Trezor Bridge rests on several carefully designed constraints. Bridge is an unprivileged, local-only service that performs minimal operations and enforces strict origin checks. All cryptographic keys remain inside the Trezor hardware. Bridge never stores seeds, private keys, or long-term credentials. It only passes messages between the wallet and the device, and it verifies requests to prevent unauthorized operations.

Core protections

  • Localhost-only access: Bridge listens only on loopback interfaces to prevent remote access.
  • Origin verification: The Bridge checks the origin of requests to ensure only approved websites can interact with it.
  • User confirmation: Devices require physical confirmation for any transaction or seed export, preventing remote signing.
  • Minimal data handling: Bridge handles ephemeral messages and does not persist sensitive data to disk.

Privacy & telemetry

What Bridge does and doesn’t collect, and how to configure telemetry.

By default, Bridge collects no telemetry that can identify user funds or wallet activity. Any optional logging or diagnostic features are explicitly disclosed during installation and can be disabled. Developers who integrate Bridge into their applications should avoid collecting or transmitting device-specific identifiers. Bridge focuses on local operations and only sends anonymized, opt-in telemetry to help diagnose installation issues or hardware compatibility problems.

Troubleshooting — Common issues and fixes

Practical steps if Bridge doesn’t work as expected.

Bridge not detected

Confirm Bridge is installed and running. On Windows, check the system tray; on macOS, check the menu bar. Restart your browser and ensure no extensions are blocking localhost connections. Reboot your computer if necessary.

Device not recognized

Try a different USB cable and port. Avoid USB hubs when setting up the device for the first time. On Linux, ensure your udev rules include the Trezor vendor and product IDs so that non-root processes can access the device.

Browser shows connection refused

Check firewall settings — some security software may block connections to localhost. Allow Bridge through the firewall or whitelist the loopback service. Ensure no other service is occupying the same port as Bridge.

Installer failed or showed unexpected prompts

Only use the official Bridge installer downloaded from the Trezor website. If the installer requests unusual permissions or the downloaded package appears different, delete it and re-download. Consider verifying the signature if provided.

Developer integration — APIs & examples

How wallets and apps use Trezor Bridge to interact with devices.

Developers interact with Trezor Bridge via a simple, documented API over HTTP or WebSocket. The API exposes operations like 'enumerate devices', 'get public key', 'sign transaction', 'firmware update', and more. Typical integrations include detection of Bridge, establishing a session, and forwarding user commands that require physical confirmation on the device. Libraries and SDKs exist to abstract the low-level message formats into higher-level primitives for common coins and standards (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum).

Best practices for integrators

  • Always verify device fingerprints and display the fingerprint for user confirmation.
  • Use small, focused permission requests; avoid asking for broad access without explaining why.
  • Gracefully handle cases where Bridge is absent — provide clear install instructions and a link to the official site.
  • Implement timeouts and friendly error messages when Bridge or the device is unresponsive.

A sample flow in pseudo-code might look like: detectBridge(); requestDeviceList(); openSession(deviceId); requestPublicAddress(); requestSignTransaction(transactionPayload); closeSession(); This sequence ensures predictable UI states and clear user prompts for each sensitive action.

Firmware updates — safe delivery through Bridge

How Bridge supports firmware transfers and why verification matters.

Firmware updates are delivered and installed through a secure process. The wallet UI or the official site downloads firmware binaries from a verified source, and Bridge facilitates the transfer to the Trezor device. The device verifies the integrity and signature of the firmware before applying it. This separation — remote download via the browser and local transfer via Bridge — keeps the update path auditable and secure. Users should only install firmware that is signed by the Trezor team and provided through official channels.

Advanced topics & enterprise use

Integration at scale and hardened deployments for custodians.

For enterprise deployments, Bridge can be managed centrally and whitelisted across controlled environments. Organizations may deploy customized Bridge packages or run Bridge within controlled virtual environments. However, any deviation from the standard installation requires careful security review: ensure package authenticity, use signed installers, and restrict access to localhost interfaces from only approved origins. Multisig setups, combined with hardware wallets, provide robust protections for institutional custody.

UX & accessibility considerations

Design guidance when building onboarding flows that require Bridge.
  • Use clear, non-technical language when instructing users to install Bridge.
  • Provide a single-call-to-action button labeled 'Install Trezor Bridge' that links to the official installer.
  • Offer keyboard-accessible modals and focus management for the install and connection dialogs.
  • Support high-contrast and large-text mode for users with low vision.

Include step-by-step screenshots, animated prompts for making device confirmations, and sample copy for error states so users feel confident during the install process. The goal is to reduce friction and make it obvious that sensitive confirmations always happen on the hardware device itself.

Frequently Asked Questions — Trezor Bridge

Five common questions and clear answers about Trezor Bridge.

1. What is Trezor Bridge and why do I need it?

Trezor Bridge is a local helper application that enables your browser or desktop wallet to communicate with your Trezor hardware wallet. Some browsers limit direct USB access; Bridge provides a secure, supported path so wallets can interact with your device safely. If a wallet asks you to install Bridge, it’s typically because direct access isn’t available or to ensure a consistent integration path.

2. Is Trezor Bridge safe to install?

Yes. The Bridge is designed to be safe: it runs locally on your machine, listens only on localhost, and enforces origin checks. Most importantly, it does not access or store your recovery seed or private keys — all sensitive operations happen on the Trezor hardware itself. Always download Bridge from the official Trezor website to avoid tampered installers.

3. I installed Bridge but my browser still can’t see my device — what should I do?

Restart your browser and confirm Bridge is running in the background. Try a different USB port or cable, avoid hubs, and ensure the device is unlocked. If the problem persists, check firewall settings that might block localhost connections, and consult the official troubleshooting guide for platform-specific steps.

4. Does Bridge ever send data to the internet?

By design, Bridge operates locally. It does not send wallet or seed data to remote servers. Optional diagnostic telemetry may be available but is explicitly opt-in and anonymized. Refer to the privacy section during installation for details and disable telemetry if you prefer.

5. Can developers skip Bridge and use WebUSB directly?

Some browsers support WebUSB and direct device access; however, Bridge is still recommended for compatibility and user experience reasons. Bridge offers a consistent API across platforms and can handle firmware transfers and other tasks robustly. If you choose WebUSB, be sure to implement strong origin checks and UX flows to prevent misuse.

Printable checklist

Quick checklist for installing and validating Trezor Bridge connections.
  • Download Bridge from the official Trezor website.
  • Run the installer and allow USB permissions if prompted.
  • Restart your browser and ensure Bridge is running.
  • Connect your Trezor device, confirm the device screen shows active state.
  • Open your wallet and confirm it detects the Trezor via Bridge.
  • Verify addresses on the device before receiving funds.

Implementation notes for web teams

Tips to integrate Bridge smoothly into wallet experiences.

Detect & guide

Implement graceful detection: if Bridge isn’t found, display a clear modal with an 'Install Trezor Bridge' button that links to the official installer. Offer platform-specific instructions and show helpful images to minimize user confusion.

Error handling

Provide actionable error messages and remediation steps rather than cryptic error codes. For example, instead of 'connection failed', show 'Try reconnecting your device, changing USB cable, or installing Trezor Bridge.'

Glossary & terms

Short definitions of common terms used in this guide.
Trezor Bridge
Local helper application that enables secure communication between a Trezor device and web/desktop wallets.
Bridge API
The local HTTP/WebSocket interface exposed by Bridge for wallet integrations.
Origin check
A security mechanism that verifies the origin URL of requests to prevent unauthorized sites from accessing Bridge.
Firmware
The device-level software running on Trezor; updated via secure channels and verified by the device.

Further resources & support

Where to find official downloads, developer docs, and community help.

For the latest Bridge releases, developer SDKs, and troubleshooting notes, always consult the official Trezor documentation and download pages. Use the community forum for user experiences and the support portal for account or device-specific issues. Remember: always verify downloads using official fingerprints or signatures when provided.